大/小鼠瘦素检测试剂盒（酶联免疫法）产品说明:

【产品名称】

通用名称：大/小鼠瘦素检测试剂盒（酶联免疫法）

英文名称：Mouse-/Rat-Leptin ELISA

【预期用途】

用于小鼠和大鼠血清和血浆中瘦素的测定。仅供科研使用。不用于临床诊断。

【包装规格】

96T/盒

【背景知识】

瘦素是ob基因(1,2)的产物，是最近发现的一种单链蛋白激素，分子量为16 kD，被认为在体重调节中起关键作用。它的氨基酸序列与其他蛋白质没有主要同源性 (1)。瘦素几乎完全由分化的脂肪细胞产生 (3-5)。它作用于中枢神经系统，特别是下丘脑，抑制食物摄入并增加能量消耗 ( 2, 6-9). 瘦素受体有不同的剪接形式，它们的长度不同。它们属于细胞因子 1 类受体家族 (10-12)，在体内无处不在 (10,11,13,14)。许多瘦素结合蛋白之一代表瘦素受体的循环形式 (15)。除了对新陈代谢的影响外，瘦素还对广泛的内分泌轴有强大的影响。在雄性小鼠中，它分别减弱了饥饿引起的 LH、睾酮和甲状腺素的显着下降以及 ACTH 和皮质酮的增加。在雌性小鼠中，瘦素可防止饥饿引起的排卵延迟 (16)。由于 ob 突变而缺乏瘦素的 Oblob 小鼠是不育的。这种缺陷可以通过瘦素的应用来纠正，但不能通过禁食导致的体重减轻来纠正 (17)。这表明瘦素在生殖中起着重要作用。

瘦素的作用可以至少部分解释为瘦素对弓状核神经元神经肽 Y (NPY) 的形成和分泌的抑制作用 (6,18,19)。 NPY 是一种有效的食欲刺激剂 (20,21)，并且已知参与各种垂体激素的调节，例如通过刺激生长抑素抑制生长激素 (22,23)、抑制促性腺激素 (23) 和刺激垂体-肾上腺轴 (21)。

决定循环瘦素浓度的最重要变量是体脂肪量 (24-26)。在定期进食的情况下，瘦素反映了脂肪组织的比例 (27)。瘦素浓度随脂肪量呈指数增加 (37)。瘦素的组成型合成受多种非激素和激素因子的调节。啮齿动物和人类的刺激物是暴饮暴食 (28,29)、高脂肪饮食 (41)、胰岛素 (3,5,30-33) 和糖皮质激素 (5,34-36)。一般来说，瘦素是各种代谢和内分泌反馈回路的组成部分 (38)。

参考文献：

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